Versamento pericardico, cause sintomi cura

di

Il cuore è circondato da una struttura protettiva, il pericardio, a doppio strato, tra i quali è normalmente contenuta una minima quantità di liquido. In presenza di una malattia la quantità di liquido può aumentare eccessivamente ed in questi casi si parla di versamento pericardico che può portare insufficienza cardiaca pericolosa.

 

versamento pericardico cause sintomi cure

 


Versamento pericardico, i sintomi

Non sempre sono evidenti sintomi di questa condizione, specie se l’accumulo di liquido avviene lentamente. Se invece è rapido si possono avere dei disturbi. In generale i sintomi di un versamento pericardico possono essere:

  • Dispnea (respiro corto o comunque difficoltà di respirazione)
  • Ortopnea (difficoltà nella respirazione da sdraiati)
  • Dolore al torace
  • Tosse
  • Febbricola
  • Frequenza cardiaca accelerata

 

 

Versamento del pericardio, quali cause?

L’infiammazione del pericardio (pericardite) è la risposta ad una malattia, infortunio o infiammazione che colpisce il pericardio. Il versamento (o effusione) è spesso un segno di questa risposta infiammatoria.
Il versamento pericardico può verificarsi anche quando il flusso dei fluidi nel pericardio è bloccato o quando il sangue si accumula all’interno dello stesso. Non è chiaro come alcune malattie contribuiscano a tale situazione e, talvolta, la causa non può essere determinata. Per entrare più nel dettaglio, tra le cause più comuni troviamo:

  • Infezioni virali, batteriche, fungine o parassitarie
  • Infiammazione del pericardio conseguente ad intervento chirurgico al cuore o ad un attacco di cuore (sindrome di Dressler)
  • Malattie autoimmuni, come l’artrite reumatoide o il lupus
  • Insufficienza renale (uremia)
  • Ipotiroidismo
  • Metastasi
  • Tumore del pericardio
  • Radioterapia (se il cuore è nel campo di irradiazione)
  • Alcuni trattamenti chemioterapici
  • Trauma vicino al cuore
  • Alcuni farmaci da prescrizione come l’ idralazina per la pressione alta, l’isoniazide per la tubercolosi o la fenitoina per le crisi epilettiche
  • Versamento pericardico idiopatico (non se ne conosce la causa)

 

 

 

Complicanze

Il pericardio può contenere solo una quantità limitata di liquidi in eccesso senza causare problemi. Lo strato interno del pericardio è costituito da un singolo strato di cellule che si attacca al cuore. Lo strato esterno è più spesso e solo leggermente elastico: quando si raccoglie troppo liquido il pericardio si espande verso l’interno, verso il cuore, provocando pressione e dunque alterandone il corretto funzionamento, fino al rischio per la vita se non trattato.

 

 

Test e diagnosi

Un versamento del pericardio si può diagnosticare grazie ai seguenti test ed esami:

  • Auscultazione con stetoscopio (in caso di versamento il battito cardiaco risulta attutito)
  • Ecocardiogramma (normale, transtoracico o transesofageo a seconda dei casi)
  • Elettrocardiogramma
  • Radiografia del torace
  • Altre tecnologie di imaging (come la TAC o la Risonanza Magnetica)

 

 

 

Terapia

La terapia per un versamento pericardico dipende dalla quantità di liquido accumulato, dalla causa e del rischio di insufficienza cardiaca più o meno immediato. Possono dunque essere usati farmaci antinfiammatori (come l’aspirina o l’ibuprofene) o corticosteroidi, ma in caso di rischio maggiore il cardiologo può raccomandare delle tecniche atte a drenare il liquido in eccesso che vanno dalla semplice aspirazione con drenaggio all’intervento chirurgico.

 

 

Leggi anche:

Esami del sangue per le malattie cardiache

Elettrocardiogramma, come si fa e a cosa serve

Stenosi carotide, tutte le cure

Stenosi carotide, complicanze da evitare e diagnosi

 

 

Foto: Thinkstock

Fonte: Mayo Clinic

 

4.965 commenti su “Versamento pericardico, cause sintomi cura”

  24. Very great post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wished to mention that I’ve really enjoyed surfing around your weblog posts. In any case I?ll be subscribing in your feed and I hope you write once more very soon!

  36. Its like you learn my mind! You seem to understand a lot about this, like you wrote the guide in it or something. I feel that you just could do with some p.c. to pressure the message home a little bit, but other than that, that is magnificent blog. A fantastic read. I will definitely be back.

  40. Hi would you mind stating which blog platform you’re using? I’m looking to start my own blog in the near future but I’m having a hard time selecting between BlogEngine/Wordpress/B2evolution and Drupal. The reason I ask is because your design seems different then most blogs and I’m looking for something unique. P.S Sorry for getting off-topic but I had to ask!

  78. free spin no deposit casino australia, usa pokies online and paypal bingo
    sites uk, or united kingdom online pokies paypal

    My blog post; how do casinos make money from blackjack (Olivia)

  83. australian online casinos that accept paypal, new online casino united
    states 2021 and pokies real how to earn money online
    apps [Jada] australia, or real online australian pokies

  89. are there casinos in montreal australia, online casino
    no deposit bonus no download instant play united states and online casino
    uk free 10, or online live roulette casino usa

    Here is my web blog … gambling flash games (Jefferson)

  90. Thanks for your publication. I also believe that laptop computers are getting to be more and more popular right now, and now will often be the only type of computer found in a household. This is because at the same time actually becoming more and more cost-effective, their processing power is growing to the point where they can be as powerful as desktop out of just a few years ago.

  92. netent casino list usa, online casino paypal deposit usa and best new casino nz, or canadian no deposit casino 2021

    my webpage – different types of blackjack games in vegas (Riley)

  94. online casinos in ontario australia, united statesn new hard rock casino ottawa, Grady, online and roulette online united states, or gambling sites usa

  96. casino online usa all sites, list of casinos in usa
    and usa online casino no deposit bonus codes, or top online pokies
    and casinos in united states 4k

    my web blog :: 1000 spins (Ara)

  98. I’ve learned several important things via your post. I would also like to convey that there might be situation where you will get a loan and don’t need a co-signer such as a Federal Student Support Loan. When you are getting financing through a traditional loan service then you need to be willing to have a co-signer ready to assist you to. The lenders will certainly base any decision using a few aspects but the main one will be your credit score. There are some financial institutions that will likewise look at your job history and decide based on this but in almost all cases it will be based on on your report.

  99. real online pokies in united states, casino victoria bc canada and best united
    kingdom casino, or best online casino in united kingdom top reviewed

    Here is my website :: does anyone make a living gambling (Lionel)

  104. canadian original free slots, gambling act south australia and 500 poker chips united
    kingdom, or legal online casinos australia

    Also visit my web page :: allure of the seas casino
    games (Ruth)

  105. I have learned newer and more effective things from the blog post. Yet another thing to I have observed is that normally, FSBO sellers are going to reject anyone. Remember, they can prefer not to ever use your providers. But if you actually maintain a steady, professional connection, offering support and keeping contact for around four to five weeks, you will usually manage to win a conversation. From there, a house listing follows. Thank you

  107. I can’t express how much I admire the effort the author has put into writing this exceptional piece of content. The clarity of the writing, the depth of analysis, and the plethora of information offered are simply astonishing. Her zeal for the subject is obvious, and it has definitely made an impact with me. Thank you, author, for sharing your wisdom and enhancing our lives with this extraordinary article!

  109. Thanks for your exciting article. One other problem is that mesothelioma is generally attributable to the inhalation of materials from mesothelioma, which is a positivelly dangerous material. It is commonly observed among workers in the structure industry that have long exposure to asbestos. It’s also caused by residing in asbestos protected buildings for some time of time, Genetic makeup plays a crucial role, and some consumers are more vulnerable to the risk compared to others.

  119. I think this is among the so much vital information for me. And i’m glad reading your article. But wanna statement on some common issues, The site style is perfect, the articles is truly excellent : D. Excellent activity, cheers

  165. united statesn casino nashua nh, best online casino australia no deposit bonus and no deposit bonus codes hard rock casino new player (Leonida) canada, or australian casino free chips

  176. united kingdom online pokies lightning link, real usa online casino and how
    to cheat pokie machines canada, or tax on gambling website payment gateway – Joie, canada

  185. netent casino list usa, free 10 no deposit casino usa and casino chip values usa,
    or ignition poker withdrawal united states

    My web-site :: online blackjack pc (Traci)

  188. to buy united statesn casino guide, top 20 online casinos uk no
    deposit and free spins no deposit uk low wagering, or $10 deposit online casino australia

    Feel free to visit my web site; blackjack center console for sale (Leona)

  192. Someone essentially help to make seriously articles I would state. This is the first time I frequented your web page and thus far? I surprised with the research you made to make this particular publish amazing. Wonderful job!

Lascia un commento

Powered by  GDPR Cookie Compliance
Panoramica privacy

This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.