Insufficienza mitralica, rischi e diagnosi

di

 

L’insufficienza mitralica o rigurgito della valvola mitralica è una condizione in cui il sangue, anziché uscire dal cuore dal ventricolo sinistro, torna indietro nell’atrio, a causa di un errato funzionamento della valvola. Un’insufficienza mitralica lieve può non dare sintomi e neppure destare rischi di sorta, per tutta la vita. In altri casi invece può manifestarsi all’improvviso in forma severa. Ecco le complicanze più comuni e pericolose, oltre che una lista dei test per fare la diagnosi.

 

cuore ingrossato significa perché


Rischi e complicanze dell’insufficienza mitralica (moderata o severa)

  • Insufficienza cardiaca: è quella condizione che si sviluppa quando il cuore non riesce a pompare abbastanza sangue per soddisfare le esigenze dell’organismo. Un grave rigurgito della valvola mitrale provoca uno sforzo più intenso per il muscolo cardiaco ad ogni battito: il ventricolo sinistro allora comincia a dilatarsi, ad ingrossarsi e se non si cura il problema si arriva a insufficienza cardiaca grave. A questo si aggiunge che il tutto provoca una pressione maggiore sui polmoni, con conseguente accumulo di liquidi, che può arrivare a colpire anche il lato destro del cuore.
  • Fibrillazione atriale. L’allungamento e allargamento dell’atrio sinistro del cuore possono portare a questa irregolarità del ritmo cardiaco in cui le camere superiori del cuore battono caoticamente e rapidamente. La fibrillazione atriale può causare coaguli di sangue, che possono staccarsi e viaggiare in altre parti del corpo, causando seri problemi, come un ictus se un coagulo blocca un vaso sanguigno nel cervello.
  • Ipertensione polmonare. Sul lungo tempo un’ insufficienza mitralica non trattata o trattata in modo inadeguato, può sviluppare un tipo di pressione alta che colpisce le arterie dei polmoni (ipertensione polmonare). Anche tale condizione può compromettere il funzionamento del lato destro del cuore.

 

Come si fa la diagnosi

Se si pensa di avere un rigurgito della valvola mitrale, è importante fissare un appuntamento con il medico curante o meglio ancora con uno specialista in cardiologia. Il medico inizierà la sua valutazione con l’anamnesi dettagliata (storia clinica del paziente, familiarità con patologie cardiovascolari) ed una visita clinica (che comprenderà l’ascolto del cuore con lo stetoscopio- un’insufficienza della valvola mitrale spesso produce un soffio al cuore- e la misurazione della pressione). Potranno poi essere necessari altri test diagnostici. Tra i più comuni troviamo:

  • Ecocardiogramma: aiuta il medico a guardare da vicino il cuore e la valvola mitrale anche durante il battito, per valutarne, dimensioni e funzionamento
  • Elettrocardiogramma (ECG): registra gli impulsi elettrici del cuore fornendo informazioni sul ritmo cardiaco. Si può fare a riposo o sotto sforzo (camminando su tapis roulant o pedalando su una cyclette durante un ECG).
  • Radiografia del torace (RX): permette al medico di determinare se l’atrio sinistro o il ventricolo sinistro sono ingrossati – possibili indicatori di rigurgito della valvola mitrale – e la condizione dei polmoni
  • Ecocardiogramma transesofageo. Un piccolo trasduttore attaccato alla fine di un tubo viene inserito nell’ esofago, permettendo uno sguardo ancora più specifico e dettagliato della valvola mitrale rispetto ad un ecocardiogramma normale
  • Cateterismo cardiaco. Questa tecnica invasiva comporta l’inserimento di un tubo sottile (catetere) attraverso un vaso sanguigno nel braccio o inguine ad un’arteria nel cuore e l’iniezione di un colorante (mezzo di contrasto) attraverso il catetere per rendere l’arteria visibile su una radiografia. Ciò fornisce un quadro dettagliato delle arterie del cuore e della sua funzionalità. Può anche misurare la pressione all’interno delle camere cardiache.

Cure e farmaci

Stabilita una diagnosi di rigurgito della valvola mitralica si potrà procedere al trattamento: questo dipenderà dalla gravità della condizione e dallo stato generale di salute del cuore del paziente. L’obiettivo del trattamento è quello di migliorare la funzione del cuore, riducendo al minimo i segni ed i sintomi ed evitare complicazioni future. Per cui si potrà optare per una sorveglianza attiva (controlli regolari dal cardiologo), utilizzo di farmaci (per controllare i sintomi e prevenire i rischi: non esiste un medicinale che ripara la valvola), chirurgia di riparazione della valvola.

 

Potrebbero interessarvi anche i seguenti post:

Insufficienza della valvola mitralica, sintomi e cause

Ablazione cardiaca, cos’è, come si fa, rischi e convalescenza …

Soffio al cuore, rischi e prevenzione

Soffio al cuore, cause e sintomi

Aneurisma aortico addominale: sintomi, cause e rischi

Pericardite batterica, cause, sintomi, cure

Prolasso della valvola mitrale, sintomi e conseguenze

Fibrillazione atriale parossistica, cause, sintomi, diagnosi e cure …

 

Foto: Thinkstock

Fonte: Mayo clinic

733 commenti su “Insufficienza mitralica, rischi e diagnosi”

  12. Thanks for your interesting article. Other thing is that mesothelioma cancer is generally brought on by the breathing of dust from asbestos fiber, which is a cancer causing material. It is commonly viewed among laborers in the engineering industry who have long exposure to asbestos. It could be caused by living in asbestos covered buildings for some time of time, Genetic makeup plays a huge role, and some persons are more vulnerable for the risk in comparison with others.

  23. Thanks a bunch for sharing this with all of us you really know what you’re talking about! Bookmarked. Kindly also visit my website =). We could have a link exchange agreement between us!

  67. Dit online casino is een merk van Sarah Eternal S.R.L., dit bedrijs is geregistreerd in Costa Rica. Omdat het bedrijf in dit land is geregistreerd, heeft Sarah Eternal S.R.L. een Costa Ricaanse licentie om kansspelen aan te bieden Ucium a veni occusam que voluta voloria ad mossusam essitis doluptur suntiumet doloressunt, sequist inisquiset quosa dolutem peribea as videmol uptaepe rcienim agnitatur si di restint hilis quodipiciam, te sed quo. Qui ius cora volo velendi quo quas sus solorum ilition re, omnis nos excerio rporem. Zo wordt er aan de hand van je geldige identificatiedocument gecontroleerd of je geregistreerd staat in CRUKS. In dit bestand staan gokverslaafden geregistreerd. De overheid eist dat de legale casino’s deze controle uitvoeren. Een legaal Nederlands casino is verplicht om op jouw speelgedrag te letten: zorgplicht. Ze zijn ook verplicht om speellimieten te gebruiken. En wanneer je inlogt of registreert is een controle in CRUKS verplicht.
    https://www.insightfulonset.com/exploring-the-astronaut-slot-game-by-100hp-gaming-a-review-for-pakistani-players/
    Alleen bij illegale casino’s kun je casino slots spelen voor echt geld zonder registratie. Bij een illegaal casino ben je nergens zeker van, zo kan een illegaal casino je account blokkeren of winsten niet uitbetalen. Speel online casino slots zonder registratie op demo kasten bij CasinoSlotsSpelen.nl. Hiermee voorkom je een hoop ellende en hoef je geen privacy gevoelige gegevens te verstrekken. Success in the gymnastics portion of CrossFit requires regular apply, not just makes an attempt in the course of the exercise. It makes the task of getting out of bed much easier in your back and the rest of your physique. Dianabol is usually thought of the most effective steroid for beginners as a outcome of its ability to promote speedy muscle growth and energy gains. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data.

  69. Big Bass Bonanza rules are quite simple and straightforward. The game has 5 reels and a 10-payline setup. It’s a medium volatility game, which means you might see frequent wins on the smaller symbols but rare wins on the bigger symbols. If you keep your bet amount low, you can ride out the dry spell and enter the bonus round. The Christmas Big Bass Bonanza slot puts little hats on the fishes and sends you to the North Pole fishing with Santa Claus. What’s not to love? What we do want to say is that using Reddit casino subreddits has a whole host of advantages, the internet casino gaming word went crazy with anticipation. There are plenty of features and games on offer at the casino, the player will be able to use the same hand on 100 hands in one move for example. The Bridezella feature cannot be re triggered while the feature is already active, throughout a year. These packages are not only great value but allow you to play multiple tickets with ease, such as slots.
    https://jivasendriya.com/panduan-lengkap-slot-demo-sugar-rush-dari-pragmatic-play-untuk-pemain-indonesia/
    If you’re looking for a fun animation app perfect for kids (and adults), check out Toontastic 3D from Google. This app allows you to design characters, record voiceovers, and plot your story beat-for-beat. Credits required:0 We would like to explore the various animation apps, software, and tools available today. Animation tools empower creators to unleash their imagination and create stunning visuals. One of the standout features of Procreate is its ability to work with multiple layers, allowing users to create complex animations with ease. Its app also offers a range of brushes and other drawing tools to help users create the perfect animation. Procreate is a great option for anyone looking to take their animations to the next level. With its advanced features and user-friendly interface, Procreate is a must-have tool for anyone serious about animation.

  73. This slot, with five reels, three rows and 10 winning lines, has a maximum payout of 5,000x your bet. There are two different Free Spin rounds in this game, including the Golden Lake Free Spins in which there are only blank symbols, money fish and the fisherman collector. When there are Fisherman symbols on screen but no fish, fish Money symbols can randomly appear at the end of the spin via a dynamite feature. When there are fish symbols on screen but no Fisherman, a hook may randomly appear at the end of the spin to bring Fisherman symbols into view. Also, when there are Fisherman symbols on the reels but no fish, a wipeout animation may change all symbols on the screen except Fisherman to something else. Comparatively, it offers higher win potential than lower-volatility slots like Starburst, however, it comes with a risk to the bankroll. If you compare it to another fishing slot game like the Gates of Olympus, Big Bass Bonanza has a relaxed theme, slow music, simple graphics, and large symbols.
    https://elimoapp.hu/2026/03/04/%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%b2%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%88-melbet-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1/
    Social media websites like Facebook, Snapchat and Instagram have radically transformed the way we interact with each other. Photos are a huge part of our online communications—instead of telling your best friend how you feel, you send them a selfie on Snapchat or Instagram. Instead of spending hours describing your last holiday trip, you tag your friends and family members on Facebook. Start download and installing Pixbim Animate Photos AI. Monica also offers various animation styles, so you can customize the effect to match your vision perfectly. Plus, its advanced AI analyzes your image to fine-tune movements and details, ensuring the animations look natural, seamless, and full of life. Whether you’re creating marketing content, social media posts, or just having fun with your photos, Monica makes it easy to add a touch of magic to every image.

  77. CapCut, developed by ByteDance (the creators of TikTok), is one of the most popular video editing apps. It’s well-loved for its simplicity and powerful tools that cater to both beginners and experienced editors. The application’s payment model includes a freemium option, alongside an InShot Pro Unlimited subscription. This gives users access to complete features and paid editing materials like stickers, filter packages, etc. This also enables watermarks and advertisements to be removed automatically. There’s no in-app support, but watching a few comprehensive YouTube tutorials will be enough for most students to get going. They might need some help with ideas, though; a content gallery would be a nice addition for ideas for classroom use. Teachers should be aware that the app lacks safeguards to ensure that students aren’t using copyrighted images or videos. Although the music tracks available inside the platform advise attribution, students also have the option of importing music from iTunes. Be sure to equip students with knowledge of proper copyright guidelines before they publish their content publicly.
    https://pandhurnawatch.com/19516
    Bigger Bass Bonanza, developed by Pragmatic Play, is the upgraded and more premium version of the classic slot game Big Bass Bonanza. With higher betting options, it’s designed to cater to high rollers looking for big prizes and a more engaging fishing-themed experience in online casinos. Big Bass Bonanza is an exciting and vibrant online slot game that takes you on a colorful fishing adventure across five reels. The game blends simple but forgettable mechanics in the base game with arguably online slots’ most popular free spins feature. There’s also a wild which can appear on the uppermost reel; this can substitute for anything apart from the fisherman or the fish.  The Bigger Bass Bonanza slot game captures the essence of fishing while providing an electrifying gaming experience loaded with chances to win big. Whether you’re trying out the bigger bass bonanza demo for practice or spinning for real, this game promises to entertain and engage players of all skill levels. So grab your fishing gear, cast your line, and see what treasures you can reel in!

  81. Hi there would you mind sharing which blog platform you’re using? I’m going to start my own blog in the near future but I’m having a hard time selecting between BlogEngine/Wordpress/B2evolution and Drupal. The reason I ask is because your layout seems different then most blogs and I’m looking for something unique. P.S My apologies for being off-topic but I had to ask!

  180. My partner and I stumbled over here coming from a different website and thought I may as well check things out. I like what I see so now i am following you. Look forward to looking at your web page repeatedly.

  193. Yet another thing I would like to express is that in place of trying to suit all your online degree training on days that you complete work (because most people are tired when they get back), try to get most of your lessons on the week-ends and only a few courses on weekdays, even if it means a little time off your weekend break. This is beneficial because on the saturdays and sundays, you will be extra rested and also concentrated with school work. Thanks for the different suggestions I have learned from your blog.

Lascia un commento

Powered by  GDPR Cookie Compliance
Panoramica privacy

This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.