Come si trasmette la toxoplasmosi

gatto

La toxoplasmosi è una malattia causata da un protozoo parassita, il Toxoplasma gondii. E’ un parassita molto comune nel mondo, ed in alcuni paesi la toxoplasmosi raggiunge percentuali di contagio elevatissime, soprattutto nei climi caldi ed umidi. In molti casi il sistema immunitario è in grado di neutralizzare la presenza del parassita, che quindi resta nel corpo ma non procura danni. Ma ci sono alcune categorie a rischio, in particolare le donne in gravidanza e le persone immunodepresse.

Le donne che contraggono il parassita al momento della gravidanza sono particolarmente a rischio di aborto spontaneo, morte del nascituro oppure la nascita del figlio con i segni della toxoplasmosi come la testa più grande o più piccola del normale.

Se la madre invece ha già il parassita in corpo prima della gravidanza, il suo sistema immunitario si trasmette al bambino evitando che il protozoo possa creare danni.

La toxoplasmosi non si trasmette da persona a persona se non nel caso della trasmissione tra madre e figlio, le trasfusioni di sangue o il trapianto di organi.

Le principali vie di trasmissione del parassita sono invece:

Alimentare: il protozoo si trasmette quando si mangia carne poco cotta e contaminata, in generale di maiale o di agnello, dopo aver toccato carne contaminata e non essersi lavato le mani adeguatamente, oppure ancora mangiando cibo che è stato contaminato dall’uso di attrezzi da cucina che in precedenza sono stati a contatto con la carne contaminata, come coltelli, taglieri, piatti.

Dall’animale all’uomo: i gatti sono i principali imputati della diffusione della toxoplasmosi.

Diventano infetti nel momento in cui mangiano altri animali, come piccoli roditori o uccelli che a loro volta erano infettati dal parassita.

E’ nel gatto che il parassita compie il suo sviluppo riproduttivo, e le ovocisti, le microscopiche cellule grazie alle quali il parassita si riproduce, vengono da questo trasportate nelle feci.

Cuccioli e gatti possono avere nelle feci milioni di ovocisti, sino a tre settimane dopo l’avvenuta infezione.
Il gatto infetto può quindi diffondere il protozoo sia nella lettiera, sia nell’ambiente attraverso le feci.

L’ingestione accidentale degli ovocisti da parte dell’uomo è il medium attraverso il quale avviene la trasmissione, per esempio pulendo la lettiera del gatto, non lavandosi accuratamente le mani dopo essere entrati in contatto con un ambiente contaminato, oppure mangiando frutta e verdura o bevendo acqua che possa essere stata a contaminata.

Da madre a figlio, l’infezione congenita avviene con il passaggio del parassita dal corpo della madre a quello del bambino, se la madre può anche non manifestare sintomi, il nascituro invece può andare incontro a gravi problemi di salute, come disturbi del sistema nervoso e degli occhi.

Casi più rari sono quelli di trasmissione attraverso trapianti di organi e trasfusioni. Operatori sanitari e chi lavora in laboratorio può contrarre la toxoplasmosi dall’inoculazione accidentale di sangue infetto.

147.663 commenti su “Come si trasmette la toxoplasmosi”

  1. Автор статьи предлагает разные точки зрения на обсуждаемую проблему, позволяя читателям ознакомиться с различными аргументами и сделать собственные выводы.

  2. Hey there! I realize this is kind of off-topic however I had to ask.
    Does running a well-established blog like yours require a lot
    of work? I’m completely new to blogging but I
    do write in my journal on a daily basis. I’d like to start a blog so I will be able to share my own experience and feelings online.
    Please let me know if you have any kind of ideas
    or tips for new aspiring bloggers. Thankyou!

    Feel free to surf to my web blog; retreat center mexico

  3. Hey! I know this is somewhat off topic but I was wondering if you knew where I could get a captcha plugin for
    my comment form? I’m using the same blog platform as yours and I’m having difficulty finding one?
    Thanks a lot!

  4. My developer is trying to convince me to move to .net
    from PHP. I have always disliked the idea because of the costs.
    But he’s tryiong none the less. I’ve been using Movable-type on a number of websites
    for about a year and am nervous about switching to another platform.
    I have heard excellent things about blogengine.net. Is there a
    way I can transfer all my wordpress content into it?
    Any help would be really appreciated!

    Here is my site :: retreat center mexico

  5. I’m really inspired with your writing talents and
    also with the structure for your weblog. Is this a
    paid subject or did you customize it your self?
    Either way stay up the excellent quality writing, it is rare to look a nice weblog like this one these days..

  6. Good day! This post couldn’t be written any better!
    Reading through this post reminds me of my good old
    room mate! He always kept chatting about this. I will forward
    this write-up to him. Fairly certain he will have a good
    read. Thanks for sharing!

  7. Hello there, I found your blog by way of Google while searching for a comparable matter,
    your site came up, it appears to be like great. I’ve bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.

    Hi there, just changed into alert to your weblog via Google, and located that it is really informative.

    I’m going to be careful for brussels. I’ll be grateful in the event you
    continue this in future. Lots of other folks can be benefited from your
    writing. Cheers!

  8. Just wish to say your article is as amazing. The clarity for your publish is simply great and i could think you are knowledgeable on this subject.
    Fine along with your permission let me to clutch your feed to stay updated with impending post.

    Thanks 1,000,000 and please keep up the enjoyable work.

  9. Hi, I do think this is an excellent site. I stumbledupon it 😉
    I will return yet again since I book marked it. Money and freedom is
    the greatest way to change, may you be rich and
    continue to guide other people.

  10. I’m more than happy to discover this page. I want to to thank you for ones
    time for this fantastic read!! I definitely liked
    every bit of it and i also have you book marked to look at
    new stuff on your web site.

  11. Superb post however I was wanting to know if you could write a litte more on this topic?
    I’d be very grateful if you could elaborate a little
    bit further. Many thanks!

  12. Howdy, I think your site might be having web browser compatibility
    problems. When I take a look at your web site in Safari,
    it looks fine however, when opening in Internet Explorer, it has some
    overlapping issues. I merely wanted to give
    you a quick heads up! Other than that, wonderful blog!

  13. I feel that is one of the most important information for me.
    And i am glad studying your article. However want to
    commentary on few general things, The site taste is ideal, the articles is really
    excellent : D. Good job, cheers

  14. Hello there, I found your web site by the use of Google
    whilst searching for a similar matter, your site came up, it seems
    great. I have bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.

    Hi there, simply changed into aware of your blog via Google, and found that it is really
    informative. I’m gonna be careful for brussels.
    I’ll be grateful in the event you continue this in future.
    Numerous folks might be benefited out of your writing.
    Cheers!

  15. I do consider all the ideas you’ve offered on your post.
    They are very convincing and will definitely work. Still, the posts are very quick for newbies.

    May just you please prolong them a little from next time? Thank
    you for the post.

  16. My partner and I stumbled over here coming from a different website and thought I should check things out.

    I like what I see so i am just following you. Look forward to
    looking into your web page again.

Lascia un commento

Panoramica privacy

This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.