Statine tutti gli effetti collaterali da conoscere

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Le statine sono un gruppo di farmaci necessari ad abbassare i livelli di lipoproteine nel sangue, ovvero di colesterolo cattivo (o LDL) agendo a livello epatico, ovvero sulla sua produzione da parte del fegato. Come tutti i farmaci però possono avere anche degli effetti collaterali indesiderati, benché in linea di massima siano ben tollerati: è sempre importante per questo valutare bene con il proprio medico curante l’effettivo rapporto tra rischio e beneficio.

 

statine effetti collaterali conoscere


Effetti collaterali più comuni delle statine

Anche se gli effetti collaterali possono variare tra i diversi statine, ed i singoli individui oltre che i dosaggi, è possibile identificare una serie di disturbi comuni (che possono riguardare anche 1 persona ogni 10) che tali farmaci possono provocare.
• Sangue dal naso (epistassi)
• Mal di gola
• Rinite non allergica
• Mal di testa
• Sensazione di malessre generale
• Alterazioni gastrointestinali (diarrea, stitichezza, flatulenza, eccetera)
• Dolori muscolari e articolari
• Iperglicemia (glicemia alta) e conseguente aumento del rischio di diabete

Questi sono gli effetti collaterali che possono presentarsi e che troviamo anche sui foglietti illustrativi di ognuno di questi medicinali, in quanto si manifestano in molte persone che assumono statine, ma un recente studio scientifico ha sollevato dei dubbi sul fatto che effettivamente questi disturbi siano provocati dall’assunzione del farmaco: sembra che in relazione al placebo gli effetti siano stati i medesimi.

 

Effetti indesiderati poco frequenti

1 persona ogni 100 può invece sviluppare i seguenti effetti colaterali dall’assunzione di statine per abbassare il colesterolo.
• Sensazione di malessere diffusa
• Perdita di appetito
• Aumento di peso non giustificato
• Disturbi del sonno
• Vertigini
• Neuropatia periferica (perdita di sensibilità o formicolio nelle terminazioni nervose delle mani e dei piedi)
• Disturbi di memoria
• Offuscamento della vista
• Ronzio nelle orecchie
• Epatite (infiammazione del fegato con sintomi simil-influenzali)
• Pancreatite (infiammmazione del pancreas con conseguente mal di stomaco)
• Acne ed altri problemi della pelle
• Stanchezza

Effetti collaterali rari

Sono considerati rari gli effetti collaterali che riguardano una persona su 1000. Questi in caso di statine possono essere:
• disturbi visivi
• sanguinamento o lividi che si formano facilmente
• ingiallimento della pelle e degli occhi (ittero)

 

Effetti muscolari

Le statine possono occasionalmente causare anche una infiammazione muscolare (gonfiore) e danni ai medesimi tessuti. E’ importante in questo caso come in tutti gli altri parlarne con il proprio medico curante: probabilmente saranno prescritte analisi del sangue ed in particolare i livelli di creatina chinasi (Ck) rilasciata nel sangue quando i tessuti muscolari sono infiammati. Se i livelli a livello ematico di questa sostanza sono troppo alti può essere necessario sospendere l’assunzione di statine.
In questo come negli altri casi di effetti indesiderati i dosaggi possono essere migliorati o si può cambiare tipo di statina (o ssopenderle per un certo periodo), ma deve deciderlo il medico: evitare di fare da soli, può essere pericoloso.

 

Potrebbero interessarti anche i seguenti post su argomenti correlati:

Statine, cosa sono e quali effetti collaterali hanno
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Esami del sangue per le malattie cardiache
Fonte: NKS.UK
Foto: Thinkstock

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