Strappo o stiramento all’inguine, tutti i sintomi per riconoscerlo

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I sintomi di uno stiramento o strappo all’inguine sono caratterizzati da un improvviso dolore acuto nella zona che può variare da molto lieve a molto grave. Il dolore può originare nella parte più interna del muscolo ed essere focalizzato sotto il ventre o più in alto dove il tendine si congiunge all’osso pelvico. Spesso vi è presenza anche di gonfiore (edema, dovuto ad una raccolta di liquidi) che però è difficilmente visibile ad occhio nudo, mentre può essere indentificato con una seria visita clinica e test diagnostici. Si tratta comunque di un problema più comune negli atleti.

strappo ingunale sintomi

Gravità dello strappo inguinale e sintomi correlati

Il problema nasce dal fatto che le fibre del muscolo, sotto stress, hanno subito una lesione. Questa può essere di vari gradi ed i medici al riguardo utilizzano una classificazione.

1° Grado: è una lesione lieve in cui si considera un danneggiamento della fibra muscolare inferiore al 25%. L’individuo che ha subito una lesione di grado 1 sente fastidio all’inguine o all’interno coscia, ma spesso può camminare senza un eccessivo dolore limitazione. Di solito non ci si rende conto immediatamente del danno, bensì il disturbo si nota solo quando ci si ferma, a fine allenamento. I muscoli dell’inguine sembrano “stretti”, contratti e non sembra esserci un’area morbida, di gonfiore. Camminare con questa lesione non è un problema: qualche fastidio si può manifestare durante le attività più impegnative (come la corsa). Dolore all’allungamento dei muscoli dell’inguine può essere presente, soprattutto se confrontato con la gamba opposta.

2° Grado: riguarda un danno di moderata entità pari al 25-90% del tessuto. L’atleta spesso si accorge dello strappo nel momento in cui avviene con l’insorgere di un improvviso dolore acuto nella zona dei muscoli dell’inguine (adduttori) durante l’esercizio fisico. Lividi e gonfiore di solito sopraggiungono nei giorni successivi benché non sempre siano visibili ad occhio nudo. Il muscolo infortunato sarà debole e dolorante al tentativo di contrarlo o di allungarlo con lo stretching.

3° Grado: c’è un vero strappo/ rottura della fibra muscolare, con un danno pari al 90- 100%. E’ ovviamente una condizione grave -con dolore forte ed immediato-  che inibisce molte possibilità di movimento, tra debolezza e sofferenza fisica. Gonfiore e lividi di solito si sviluppano nell’intera area dell’interno coscia diventando visibili ad occhio nudo nell’arco di 24 – 48 ore. Infine, il dolore sarà percepito anche nel tentativo di allungare i muscoli inguinali e si potrà osservare al tatto anche la presenza di una sorta di grumo nel punto in cui c’è stata la lacerazione.

 

Il dolore quale guida per la diagnosi

I sintomi di uno strappo muscolare che sia all’inguine o meno sono di solito abbastanza evidenti sin da subito. Se non passano con il riposo, impacchi di ghiaccio e/o farmaci antidolorifici ed antinfiammatori può essere necessario approfondire la questione con una visita clinica ed alcuni test come la risonanza magnetica. Il medico può testare il range di movimento della gamba ( e quindi la flessibilità muscolare) ed analizzando le risposte al dolore in seguito a determinati movimenti riuscire ad avere idee abbastanza chiare circa la tipologia e l’entità del danno muscolare (escludendo ad esempio anche problemi al tendine o ernie). Di solito a questo si abbina anche un test di resistenza muscolare: sempre attraverso una specifica gamma di movimenti: l’insorgere del dolore offre al terapeuta il tipo ed il punto preciso del danno muscolare.

 

 

 

Leggi anche:

 

 

 

 

Foto: Thinkstock

Fonte: sportsinjuryclinic.net

 

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