Il neuroblastoma può essere curato, anche se purtroppo non sempre può essere guarito. Molto dipende dalla tipologia, dalla sua posizione, dalla diffusione al momento della diagnosi. E’ molto importante, soprattutto trattandosi di un tumore che si sviluppa nell’infanzia, rivolgersi ad un centro specializzato in oncologia pediatrica. Trattare un neuroblastoma è piuttosto complesso e richiede il più delle volte la competenza di molti medici specializzati in diverse branche, infermieri e altri operatori sanitari: chirurgo, oncologo, radioterapista (tutti specializzati in pediatria), ma anche psicologi, assistenti sociali, fisioterapisti. I bambini, affetti da tumore e le loro famiglie, hanno necessità di cure diverse, speciali, particolari.
Le cure
Il trattamento di un neuroblastoma dipende prima di tutto dalla sua stadiazione, ovvero della fase, più o meno avanzata, in cui si trova al momento della diagnosi. A ciò si abbina inoltre l’età del bambino, la tipologia del neuroblastoma –con l’evidenziazione di alcuni marcatori tumorali piuttosto che altri- , l’eventuale compromissione di altri organi. In generale per questa forma di tumore a seconda dei casi possono essere utili uno o più dei seguenti trattamenti oncologici:
- Chirurgia
- Chemioterapia
- Radioterapia
- Trapianto di staminali
- Terapia con retinoidi
- Immunoterapia
Gli specialisti che seguono il bambino devono spiegare tutte le opzioni terapeutiche del caso ed i possibili effetti collaterali a breve e a lungo termine.
Esami e follow-up
Dopo le cure del tumore, è importante che il bambino si rimetta presto dagli effetti collaterali a breve termine della terapia, verificare se questa ha funzionato e controllare sul lungo termine il rischio di recidive con una sorveglianza attiva. Saranno perciò necessarie alcune indagini diagnostiche da effettuare a distanza di tempo: analisi del sangue e test di imaging come la Tac, la Risonanza magnetica, la Pet, l’ecografia….. E’ molto importante non saltare il calendario dei controlli prestabiliti perché il rischio di una recidiva non può essere escluso, anche se si vorrebbe archiviare la malattia il prima possibile.
Sopravvivenza per il neuroblastoma
Molti bambini affetti da neuroblastoma hanno buone probabilità di sopravvivenza a lungo termine dopo le terapie. Ma quanti?
I tassi di sopravvivenza sono un indice medio capace di stabilire le prospettive, le aspettative di vita di un bimbo o un adulto affetto da un tumore. Si tratta chiaramente di cifre indicative, elaborate da studi statistici, basati su chi in passato ha già avuto la malattia. E vanno visti in positivo, perché nel frattempo numerosi progressi sono stati fatti in campo di ricerca e cure. A seconda della situazione (fase avanzata, tipologia del tumore, eccetera) vengono stabiliti dei gruppi di rischio per la sopravvivenza. Per il neuroblastoma sono i seguenti:
- Gruppo a basso rischio: bambini nel gruppo a basso rischio hanno un tasso di sopravvivenza a 5 anni che è superiore al 95%. Superare i 5 anni dalla diagnosi è spesso sinonimo di guarigione dalla malattia.
- Gruppo a rischio intermedio: in questo gruppo il tasso di sopravvivenza a 5 anni va dal circa il 90% al 95%.
- Gruppo ad alto rischio: il tasso di sopravvivenza a 5 anni in bambini nel gruppo ad alto rischio è di circa il 40% al 50%.
Potrebbero interessarvi anche i seguenti post di argomenti simili:
Il tè verde potrebbe curare il neuroblastoma
Cellule rare nel sangue associate allo sviluppo di tumori nei bambini
Foto: Thinkstock
Fonte: Cancer.org
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What really changed how I bet is the geekier extras. They’ve got an odds-to-probability converter and it makes obvious the overround, and a kelly staking calculator — I use half kelly since full stakes are a quick route to a dead bankroll. Dutching calculator is handy too if I’m covering two or three runners.
It’s not perfect mind. The interface is a bit basic — no frills, it’s clearly function over form. On my phone it’s fine though the acca grid make you pinch and zoom. Also there’s no proper app, just the site — slight shame but worth saying.
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So — have been messing about with this thing for maybe six months now and it’s basically bookmarked at this point, reckon I’d write something up since a mate asked me the other day. Am UK based, mainly bet football and racing, nothing mad, just so you know where I’m coming from.
How I found it was genuinely a bit daft — I never could figure out what an ew payout would be when the place terms changed. I’d just guess and moan when the payout landed. These days I stick my stake in before I place anything, even a straight one-selection punt.
Their single bet calculator is the one I open most — you put in stake and odds and it spits out the return with no faffing, either odds format. Same tool covers the bigger stuff — acca and treble maths, lucky 15s, yankees, which is where I always mess it up. If you fancy a poke about, it’s over at each way single bet calculator and it’s free with no account nonsense.
One thing that genuinely shifted things for me is the geekier extras. They’ve got an probability converter and it makes obvious how much the bookie’s taking, plus a kelly criterion tool — I run quarter kelly as the full version is far too aggressive. The dutching one is decent when I’m splitting a race.
Not all sunshine though. The design is very functional, let’s say — no frills, it’s clearly function over form. Phone-wise it’s usable although the acca grid are a squeeze. There’s no proper app, just the site — slight shame but worth saying.
Right, that’s me. Free, not plastered in adverts, works. Anyone who even now adds it up in their head, try it — saves me plenty of “wait, that’s it?” moments.
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OK — been on this thing for something like six months now and I keep coming back, reckon I’d chuck my thoughts in since someone asked me the other day. Am based in the UK, mainly stick to footie and the horses, a fiver here and there, for context.
How I found it was actually pretty stupid — I couldn’t ever get my head round what an e/w payout would be with 1/5 odds a place. Basically I’d guess and get a shock. Now punch the numbers in before I place anything, even a simple single bet.
Their single bet calculator is the bit I’m on daily — you drop in the price and your stake and it spits out profit and total return straight away, fractions or decimals. Same tool covers the multiples — doubles and trebles maths, lucky 15 and lucky 63, yankees, which is where most people I know got it wrong. If you fancy a poke about, it’s over at trebles calculator — free, no signup.
One thing that genuinely changed how I bet is the nerdier tools. There’s an odds-to-probability thing which shows you what margin’s baked in, and a kelly criterion calculator — I use half kelly since full stakes are a quick route to a dead bankroll. The dutch tool gets used a fair bit if I’m splitting a race.
Not all sunshine though. The layout is very functional, let’s say — zero flash, looks like it was built by someone who cares more about maths than colours. On my phone it’s usable though the bigger tables are a squeeze. There’s nothing on the app store, it’s browser only — slight shame but you asked.
Right, that’s me. Costs nowt, not plastered in adverts, works. If you even now works out returns on a calculator app, try it — saves me plenty of “wait, that’s it?” moments.
So — have been messing about with this thing for maybe four months now and it’s stuck on my phone, so thought I’d write something up since a mate asked me a few days back. Am based in the UK, mostly stick to footie and the horses, small stakes, so take it how you like.
How I found it was honestly a bit daft — I couldn’t ever figure out what an e/w return actually was when the place terms changed. I used to just eyeball it and then be surprised. Now type the odds in before I place anything, even the boring singles.
Their single bet calculator tool is the part I open most — type in your stake, the odds and it spits out the return instantly, fractions or decimals. Same tool covers the fiddly ones — acca and treble returns, a lucky 15, patents and yankees, honestly that’s where I’d always got it wrong. If you want a look, it lives at acca accumulator and there’s no login wall, which I appreciated.
One thing that genuinely shifted things for me is the geekier tools. The odds-to-probability calculator that shows how much the bookie’s taking, plus a kelly calculator — I stick to fractional kelly as the full version is a quick route to a dead bankroll. Dutching calculator is handy too for when I’m spreading across selections.
It’s not perfect mind. The layout is pretty plain — no flash, which honestly I don’t mind but some will. On mobile it’s fine though the lucky 63 breakdown need a bit of scrolling. Also there’s nothing on the app store, just the site — doesn’t bother me but you asked.
So yeah. Costs nowt, no ads shoved in your face, does the job. If anyone still does the maths on paper, try it — it’s saved me a load of “wait, that’s it?” moments.
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