Come correggere lo spazio tra i denti?

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Chi è interessato da diastema dentale potrebbe voler ridurre lo spazio presente tra un dente e l’altro. Diastema, infatti, è il termine usato per indicare la distanza che intercorre tra i denti, difetto che da alcune persone viene considerato affascinante, mentre da altre una problematica da risolvere a tutti i costi. Ma in che modo allineare il proprio sorriso e ridurre lo spazio tra i denti?

spazio denti

 

Il diastema dentale: cos’è e come intervenire

Questa particolarità, a volte quasi impercettibile mentre altre piuttosto evidente, prende il nome di diastema. Diastema dentale è l’espressione utilizzata dai dentisti per indicare quello spazio innaturale e alle volte eccessivo che separa due denti e che può dipendere da ragioni molto diverse le une dalle altre. In genere, questa “finestra” è presente tra i due incisivi centrali dell’arcata superiore. Se non eccessivamente larga, non costituisce un problema e non è brutta da vedere. Anzi, molte persone la considerano addirittura affascinante. Quando lo spazio è esagerato, però, questo può contribuire alla presenza di difetti di pronuncia e all’eccessiva sollecitazione delle gengive, col rischio che si sviluppi un disturbo molto fastidioso, noto come gengivite. Ma in che modo intervenire? Per risolvere il diastema è possibile ricorrere a un allineatore dentale trasparente, al classico apparecchio ortodontico, alle faccette dentali, oppure a impianti e corone.

Per quale motivo si forma questo spazio tra i denti?

Sono molteplici le cause alla base di questo difetto:

– alcune cattive abitudini, tra cui spingere continuamente la lingua contro i denti

– una sproporzione tra le dimensioni dei denti e quelle della mascella

– uno scarso sviluppo degli incisivi laterali

– la presenza di cisti dentali radicolari o follicolari

– l’ereditarietà

– uno spessore eccessivo del frenulo gengivale (il lembo di pelle situato tra le labbra e le gengive)

– l’abitudine a succhiare il pollice o il ciuccio. Sebbene la presenza di un po’ di spazio tra un dente e l’altro sia utile per il futuro allineamento dei denti permanenti nei bambini, una distanza eccessiva può diventare un problema

Come ridurre lo spazio tra i denti

Che si tratti di ragioni estetiche o di salute, alcune persone decidono di intervenire per correggere il diastema e ridurre lo spazio tra i denti. Una distanza eccessiva tra gli incisivi superiori può creare fastidi quando si mangia, oppure diventare una fonte di imbarazzo quando ci si rapporta con altre persone. Per fortuna, oggigiorno è possibile risolvere il diastema dentale in tanti modi, che cambiano a seconda delle cause e della gravità del difetto. Ad esempio, è possibile utilizzare un apparecchio o un allineatore trasparente per avvicinare gli elementi dentari e ridurre lo spazio in eccesso, oppure applicare delle faccette dentali, gusci ultrasottili in porcellana o in ceramica in grado di ricoprire il dente e nascondere l’inestetismo. Alcune persone optano per il cosiddetto “bonding dentale”, che consiste nell’applicazione di una particolare resina composita sui denti prossimi alla finestra, in modo da ampliarne la superficie e restringere lo spazio visibile. In casi particolari, è possibile ricorrere a interventi più profondi, come l’applicazione di impianti e corone. In genere, il dentista consiglia tali opzioni quando uno o più denti sono affetti da carie o altri problemi. Di cosa si tratta? L’impianto è una protesi artificiale che sostituisce completamente il dente, mentre la corona è una sorta di capsula che ricopre l’elemento compromesso. Qualora il problema fosse dovuto alla lunghezza del frenulo, allora il dentista potrebbe consigliare una frenulectomia, intervento rapido e poco invasivo che consiste nel ridurre le dimensioni del frenulo labiale superiore.

Quanto tempo occorre per chiudere uno spazio tra i denti?

È chiaro come le tempistiche possano variare da persona a persona ma, soprattutto, in base al trattamento scelto. In presenza di diastema dentale, l’opzione più utilizzata è rappresentata dall’applicazione dell’apparecchio ortodontico o di un allineatore dentale, che consentono di raggiungere i risultati desiderati in un periodo compreso tra sei mesi e due anni.

93 commenti su “Come correggere lo spazio tra i denti?”

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