A 30 settimane il feto sviluppa la memoria

feto

Già a 30 settimane il feto sviluppa una memoria a breve termine.
I risultati di un singolare, ma non originale studio in questo campo sono stati pubblicati sul numero di luglio/agosto di quest’anno della rivista Child Development, e rappresentano la ricerca di un gruppo di ricercatori del Centre for Genetics, Reproduction and Child Health presso l’Università di Maastricht in Olanda.
Questo studio rappresenta un ulteriore passo avanti nella ricerca sullo sviluppo del sistema neurologico centrale nel feto.

L’obiettivo della ricerca è quello di poter permettere in futuro la possibilità di disporre di un esame neurologico intrauterino da utilizzare, per esempio, in quei casi di gravidanze a rischio, dove ci sia la necessità di comprendere il grado di salute del sistema nervoso del nascituro.

Gli autori hanno condotto l’esperimento su 93 donne olandesi in stato di gravidanza, misurando le risposte del feto a stimolazioni vibroacustiche, una combinazione di stimoli sonori e di vibrazioni applicati dal ventre materno della durata di più di un secondo per un periodo di tempo di 30 secondi, contando quanti stimoli fossero necessari perchè il feto non reagisse più alle sollecitazioni.

La mancata reazione rappresenta il fatto che il feto si è assuefatto allo stimolo e che questo non rappresenta più per lui una fonte di agitazione e di reazione.

Secondo gli autori l’assuefazione allo stimolo rappresenta una forma di apprendimento e necessita di un sistema nervoso centrale nel pieno della salute e delle sue funzioni.

Durante lo studio i feti sono stati esposti alla stimolazione vibroacustica in diverse settimane, a partire dalla trentesima per finire con la trentottesima.

I feti di 30 settimane hanno dimostrato una memoria a breve termine di 10 minuti, e quelli di 34 settimane di età sembravano in grado di ricordare informazioni memorizzate ben quattro settimane prima.

Una curiosità: tale forma di esperimento per verificare la capacità di assuefazione del feto era già stata effettuata nel lontano 1925, utilizzando il suono di un clacson di automobile.

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